Geochemistry/Biogeochemistry and Subsurface Science
Pyramid-like surface structure of the mineral, hematite
One of the most challenging and pressing issues confronting DOE and the nation is the safe and cost-effective management of environmental pollutants and the remediation of hazardous waste sites. DOE is responsible for managing some 40 million cubic meters of contaminated soils and 1.7 trillion gallons of contaminated groundwater. Across the United States, thousands of Superfund sites exist with various levels and types of contamination (e.g., organic materials, heavy metals, inorganic materials, radionuclides).
Molecular level processes, such as aqueous complexation, adsorption to different mineral phases, or microbial reduction of redox active metals, often control the transport and fate of contaminants in the environment. These processes occur in complicated subsurface environments that are chemically and physically heterogeneous. Understanding the structure, chemistry, and nano-scale geometric properties of the mineral/water and microbe/mineral interfaces are therefore key aspects of developing a mechanistic understanding of contaminant transport. As a result molecular level studies of interfacial geochemistry and biogeochemical reactions have been an active area of research for more than a decade. Unraveling these phenomena at the molecular level and determining their impact on contaminant migration and transformation in the environment is a key objective of this science theme area.
This science theme will focus EMSL's scientific resources on the following key topical areas:
- Interfacial molecular geochemistry and biogeochemistry
- Understanding the chemistry of radionuclides in the subsurface
- Understanding the fact and transport of chemical and microbial species in the subsurface.
Research in the area of biogeochemistry and subsurface science is well established in EMSL. We propose to build on our strength in that area by focusing on key scientific questions/challenges in the area of molecular geochemistry and biogeochemistry, linking Subsurface Flow and Transport Experimental Laboratory capabilities to molecular-science capabilities, and gaining better access to use of radioactive materials.
- Bioreduction of hematite nanoparticles by the dissimilatory iron reducing bacterium Shewanella oneidensis MR-1.
- Long-Range Electron Transfer Across Cytochrome-Hematite (a-Fe2O3) Interfaces.
- Bond-Valence Constraints on Liquid Water Structure.
- Diffuse-interface model for smoothed particle hydrodynamics.
- Role of Directed van der Waals Bonded Interactions in the Determination of the Structures of Molecular Arsenate Solids.
Geochemistry/Biogeochemistry and Subsurface Science Capabilities Available at EMSL
| Instrument |
Contact |
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Analytical: Chromatograph: Ion
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Wietsma, Tom
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Analytical: Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spec (ICP-MS)
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Wietsma, Tom
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Analytical: Total Organic Carbon Analyzer (TOC)
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Wietsma, Tom
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Analytical: Chromatograph: Gas/Mass Spec System 2005
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Wietsma, Tom
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Analytical: Chromatograph: Liquid
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Wietsma, Tom
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Computing: Altix1 cluster
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Vorpagel, Erich
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Computing: Chinook (HP 2310-Node Linux Cluster)
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Vorpagel, Erich
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Computing: Data File Storage (NWfs)
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Cowley, David E
Wright, Ryan
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Computing: NW-ICE
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Computing: SGI 16-processor Graphics Server (nwvisus)
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Vorpagel, Erich
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Computing: Spokane cluster
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Bylaska, Eric
Rosso, Kevin M.
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Deposition: Chemical Vapor, Oxide Metalorganic
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Saraf, Lax
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Deposition: Molecular Beam Epitaxy #1
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Chambers, Scott
Droubay, Timothy C
Kaspar, Tiffany C
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Deposition: Molecular Beam Epitaxy #2
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Saraf, Lax
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Deposition: Pulsed Laser Deposition System
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Chambers, Scott
Droubay, Timothy C
Kaspar, Tiffany C
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Electron Microscope: Scanning, Field Emission (LEO)
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Arey, Bruce
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Electron Microscope: Transmission, High Resolution
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Wang, Chongmin
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Electron Microscope: Dual-Beam FIB/SEM
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Arey, Bruce
Saraf, Lax
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Electron Microscope: Transmission, CRYO 2005
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Dohnalkova, Alice
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Electron Spectrometer: Auger/Scanning Auger
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Lea, Scott
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Electron Spectrometer: XPS/AES (Kratos multitechnique)
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Kim, Do Heui
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Electron Spectrometer: Scanning Multiprobe Surface Analysis System - Versaprobe
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Nachimuthu, Ponnusamy
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Electron Spectrometer: XPS High Resolution (Quantum)
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Engelhard, Mark
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EPR Spectrometer Pulsed, ENDOR/ELDOR
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Amonette, Jim
Hoyt, David W
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Ion Accelerator, Beam Lines, and End Stations
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Shutthanandan, Shuttha
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Mass Spectrometer: Fourier-Transform
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Anderson, David J
Moore, Ron
Tolic, Ljiljana Pasa
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Mass Spectrometer: Linear Ion trap (LTQ)
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Moore, Ron
Tolic, Ljiljana Pasa
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Mass Spectrometer: Time-of-Flight (ToF)
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Anderson, David J
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Mass Spectrometer: Isotope Ratio
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Alexander, M Lizabeth
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Mass Spectrometer: Time of Flight Secondary Ion (ToF SIMS) - 2007
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Thevuthasan, Theva
Zhu,Zihua
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Microfabrication Laboratory (Clean Room) 1302
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Saraf, Lax
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Microscope: Raman Confocal
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Hess, Nancy J.
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Microscope: Scanning Probe - AFM, Bioscope
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Rosso, Kevin M.
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Microscope: Scanning Probe - DI Nanoscope IIIa Multimode
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Lea, Scott
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Microscope: Scanning Probe - Dynamic Force
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Rosso, Kevin M.
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Microscope: Scanning Probe - STM/AFM, PicoSPM
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Rosso, Kevin M.
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Microscope: Scanning Probe - Variable Temperature
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Lyubinetsky, Igor
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NMR Spectrometer: 300 MHz WB CMX for Solids (and liquids)
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Burton, Sarah D
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NMR Spectrometer: 300 MHz WB Tecmag Discovery (radioactive samples)
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Burton, Sarah D
Cho, Herman M
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NMR Spectrometer: 500 MHz NB CMX for Liquids (and solids)
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Burton, Sarah D
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NMR Spectrometer: 500 MHz WB Varian NMR System (solids)
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Ford,Joseph J
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NMR Spectrometer: 750 MHz NB (17.6 Tesla) Varian Inova
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Ford,Joseph J
Hoyt, David W
Isern, Nancy
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NMR Spectrometer: 800 MHz (18.8 Tesla) Varian Inova
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Hoyt, David W
Isern, Nancy
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NMR Spectrometer: 900 MHz (21.1 Tesla)
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Hoyt, David W
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SFTEL: Flow Cell
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Oostrom, Mart
Wietsma, Tom
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SFTEL: Hydraulic Property Apparati
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Oostrom, Mart
Wietsma, Tom
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Spectrometer: Fluorimeter
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Wang, Zheming
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Spectrometer: Mossbauer
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Kukkadapu, Ravi
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Spectrometer: Fluorescence, cryogenic
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Wang, Zheming
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Spectrometer: Fluorescence, picosecond
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Joly, Alan G
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Spectrometer: FTIR - standard
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Gassman, Paul
Johnson, Tim
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Spectrometer: Stopped-Flow, Absorbance, BioLOGIC SFM-400
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Wang, Zheming
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Spectroscopy: Fluorescence, time-resolved
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Wang, Zheming
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X-ray Diffraction: Four-Circle
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Nachimuthu, Ponnusamy
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X-ray Diffraction: General Purpose
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Nachimuthu, Ponnusamy
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X-ray Diffraction: microbeam
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Nachimuthu, Ponnusamy
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X-ray Diffraction: Single Crystal
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Thompson,Michael R
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X-ray Diffraction: Special Applications
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Nachimuthu, Ponnusamy
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